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• Population: 
18,322,231 (1997 est.) 
 
• Age structure: 
 
0-14 years: 
22% (female 1,929,366; male 2,032,238) 
 
15-64 years: 
67% (female 6,017,362; male 6,181,887) 
 
65 years and over: 
11% (female 1,227,004; male 934,374) 
 
• Population growth rate: 
1.31% (1997 est.) 
 
• Birth rate: 
14.13 births/1,000 population (1997 est.) 
 
• Death rate: 
7.37 deaths/1,000 population (1997 est.) 
 
• Net migration rate: 
6.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1997 est.) 
 
• Infant mortality rate: 
7.1 deaths/1,000 live births (1997 est.) 
 
• Life expectancy at birth: 
 
total population: 
77.78 years 
 
male: 
74.67 years 
 
female: 
81.04 years (1997 est.) 
 
• Total fertility rate: 
1.82 children born/woman (1997 est.) 
 
• Nationality: 
 
noun: 
Australian(s) 
 
adjective: 
Australian 
 
• Ethnic divisions: 
Caucasian 95%, Asian 4%, aboriginal and other 1% 
 
• Religions: 
Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3% 
 
• Languages: 
English, native languages 
 
• Literacy: 
age 15 and over can read and write  
 
total population: 
100% 
 
male: 
100% 
 
female: 
100% 
 
• Labor force: 
8.63 million 
 
by occupation: 
finance and services 33.8%, public and community services 22.3%, wholesale and retail trade 20.1%, manufacturing and industry 16.2%, agriculture 6.1% 
 
• Women in the Labor Force:

30% (1997 est.)  
 
• Refugee Information:
 
From the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)