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usic
for the ind
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"World Music is the
relocation of culture"
~Martin D. Roberts
|
The soul of music meets the spirit
of culture. The following short essays offer an introduction to the relationship
between politics and music. They also provide students with examples
of article topics which could be created for the Byte Gallery:
Political Compositions
Contemporary Political
Lyrics
Links
How
Can Music be Political?
-
-its internal characteristics
-
-its external contextual
factors
-
-the ways users incorporate
it into their lives
Political music is written
to stir our emotions and motivate us to action. In their lyrical
way, music can often be a call to action, striving to generate support
and cast doubt on the opposition. Many
musicians and composers are also social activists, reflecting upon their
music as social commentary which expresses their political
and social views. Musicians are becoming more empowered and are speaking
via their songs about the environment, human rights, political change,
their love of or despair about humanity. They seek to reveal the
underlying soul of the musical message. Examples of musicians who
have spoken out or continue to speak
out and act on issues of global importance include the following:
--Canadian
composer John Kim Bell, established a fund to assist aspiring Aboriginal
artists
--The music of Canadian
singer-songwriter Bruce Cockburn focuses on political and environmental
issues
--Canadian children's
singer-songwriter Raffi is passionate about the environment, a love and
concern which is reflected in his music
--Bob Geldof, mounted
a massive fundraising effort of unprecedented scope through his
"Feed The World" and Band Aid/Live Aid projects
--Rock musician
Sting, who has worked to aid in the preservation
of the world's rainforests
--Brenda Baker is a
Saskatchewan musician and social activist
--Robbie Robertson,
Canadian-born former member of the rock group The Band, produced a compilation
album of Aboriginal recording artists entitled Music for Native Americans
--Kashtin sings
in their native tongue
--Willie Nelson
raised funds and support for American farmers through his "Farm Aid" concerts
and projects
There are many other
musicians who work actively to raise political
issues. |
Dissidence
and Music
Perhaps no other
country in the world has used music so effectively as a means to communicate
dissent than South Africa, where music has served as a powerful vehicle
of protest against racial injustice.
Blacks demonstrated
their resistance to apartheid with protests and civil disobedience and
through artistic expression. Songs, dances, plays and other art works proved
to be an effective means of exposing cruelty. In South Africa today, culture
and politics can no longer be separated. Of all these artistic expressions,
music has played the most pivotal role. South African musicians became
the most outspoken critics of the system, chroniclers of the people's suffering,
and uncompromising fighters for a new, democratic, and nonracial nation.
South African music
has established a worldwide reputation because of its powerful message,
its vast array of styles, and its excellent creators and performers. Its
effectiveness caused the Pretoria government to force musical artists into
exile and to make it illegal for their music to be aired on radio or even
to be listened to privately. Miriam Makeba, Hugh Masekela, Jonas Gwangwa,
and Julian Bahula are just a few of the many internationally acclaimed
artists who were exiled. Their efforts succeeded in reducing censorship. |
Globalization
and Music
The evolution of
global communication systems has enabled world music to influence the development
of Western popular music, and has also allowed 'internationally acclaimed'
popular music to influence the musical preferences of much of the
world's population.
The sharing of musical
ideas across cultures happens in many ways as composers incorporate ideas
from many sources. Producing songs in one's native language is politically
and culturally important. In a 13 February 1995 article in
Maclean's magazine it is noted that "ten years ago anyone singing
in a native language couldn't get played except at midnight on a `roots'
station." The interconnectivity of the world, suggests new methods for
the appreciation and creation of music. Listeners combine and view music
in a globalized, externalized dimension; a generation of interpretation
has been globalized within the mind itself. |
Ideas for the Byte
Gallery:
Leadership, Alliances, Victories and Catastrophes
reflected in music
Examples from 1400 - 1625 include:
Madrigals by Machiavelli
Schultz's commemoration of the Assembly
of Electors of Saxony
Polish lament on the capture of Hungary
by the Turks
Josquin's praise of Louis XII
Celebration of Spain's defeat of the Moors
in 1492
Isaac's dirge on the death of Lorenzo
de' Medici
Political Compositions
To Anacreon in Heaven, John Stafford Smith
(1750-1836)
This popular tune of the 18th century was the official song of the Anacreontic
Society of London, which met at the Crown and Anchor Tavern. Each of the
six original stanzas end with the text, "And besides, I'll instruct ye,
like me, to intwine/ The myrtle of Venus with Bacchus's vine." Although
the original song had no political connotations whatsoever, a later and
more politically significant version is the familiar version of today.
O Dolce Nocte, Music: Phillipe Verdelot
(d. c. 1540)
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469 - 1527), Italian statesman and writer, founded
the science of political theory with his famous treatise, "The Prince."
Less known today is his skill as a playwright. This song was composed for
act five of his notable comedy, "La Mandragola," a study of stupidity and
baseness. It was composed by Machiavelli's collaborator, Verdelot, the
"father of the madrigal" and the most famous composer in Florence at the
time.
Vive le Roy!, Josquin des Prez (c. 1445
- 1521)
As the most famous
composer of his day, Josquin had many royal patrons, the last of which
was King Louis XII of France. This fanfare, composed for Louis XII, is
a "riddle piece," in which the music for three (of four) parts is identical,
but shifted in time and pitch, while the notes of the remaining part correspond
to vowels in the title of the piece
Mielic Bogaci Wegrowie, Anonymous (c. 1558)
The empathetic text
of the Polish song from the Zamosc Song Book laments the sad captivity
of Hungary during the period of conquest by the Turks.
Contemporary Political
Lyrics
People Get Ready, Curtis Mayfield. "The
Anthology"
Fight the Power, Public Enemy. "Fear of
a Black Planet"
When Will We Be Paid, Staple Singers.
"We'll Get Over"
Say it Loud, James Brown. "The Hardest
Working Man in Show Business"
Raise
Voices: Political Music Groups
Campaign
Against Arms Trade
Campaign
for Nuclear Disarmament
Dutch
Foundation for Political Music
The
Political Economy of Music
Reclaim
the Streets
Links:
International
Lyrics Server
Roots
World: The online magazine of world roots and folk.
Oneworld:
Routes in Rhythm
ImprovisAsiOns
Online!
Classical
Net - A definitive classical music site.
Classics
World
World
Music Organization
Addicted
to Noise
International
Campaign for Tibet
Get
Up Stand Up
Stan
Rogers
The
Activist Page
Native
American Recources
Solidarity
Group Political Prisoners
World
Artists for Tibet
The
Blue Flame Cafe - Encyclopedia of the great blues singers
Jazz
Central Station
Wild
About Music
Musicology
sites
Genres
and Types of Music
The
Gregorian Chant Homepage
Sharps
& Flats: World Music
ImprovisAsiOns
Online!: The Newsletter of Asian American Creative Music
Listed by country:
Tilghman
Africa
The
Encyclopedia of African Music
African
Jazz
African
Music Archive
African
Music Home Page
Motherland
Music
Songs
of the Abayudaya Jews of Uganda
Australia
Australian
Folk Songs
Bolivia
Bolivian
Anthems
Bolivian
Music
Brazil
Brazil
Online - Music
World-Wide
Samba Home Page
Canada
Northern
Journey Online - Canadian Folk Music Website
Rainbow
Walker Music: A Native American/Canadian Music Site
Caribbean
Afro-Caribbean
Music
Cuban
Music & Musicians
CubaNet:
Music
Celtic/Ireland
Contemporary
Music Centre
Irish
World Music Centre
Celtic
Wave
Tayberry
Music - Celtic Music and Folk Recordings
Thistle
and Shamrock Stations List
China
Chinese
Folk Dance Company (New York, NY)
Chinese
Music
Croatia
Music from Croatia
France
French
Music Database
Le
Rap Francais
Manca
- Musiques
Finland
Finnish
Institute of Recorded Sound
Iceland
Icelandic
Music Page
India
Bhangra
Page
Indian
Classical Music
Italy
Italian
Music Homepage
Italian
music page
Latin America
LANIC:
Latin American Music Resources Online
Mundo
Latino - Música Latina
Musica
Norway
Norwegian
Music Information Centre
Russia
Online
Future: Music under Soviet rule
Russian
Music Page
Spain
WWW
Spain - Art & Music
Turkey
Musikwissenschaftliches
Classics of Traditional Turkish Art Music
Cultural Gallery