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Abstract
1.
Introduction and Purpose of Program The two pharmacy schools in the state of Georgia, the University of Georgia College of Pharmacy (UGA) and Mercer University Southern School of Pharmacy (Mercer), joined forces to create a distance learning based Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum called the Nontraditional Doctor of Pharmacy Pathway Program. The program, which began with its first class in November 1999, is designed for practicing pharmacists in Georgia, who hold the B.S. Pharm. degree and wish to obtain the Pharm.D. in a flexible, part-time curriculum. |
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![]() 3. Purpose and Use of Technology Systems In order to be admitted to the program, each student must have computer hardware and software that meet minimum requirements. In addition, each is expected to have obtained basic computer skills and is required to complete a Windows 95 assignment prior to the "kick-off" weekend workshop. During the introductory workshop, the students are given an overview of Windows95, Netscape Communicator, email etiquette, and listserves. Hands-on training also includes a step-by-step process for downloading and installing programs from the Internet. Moreover, course specific listserves are created for communication and announcements to and amongst the students. |
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![]() Course Updates - This link provides a listing of any updates to the course, changes to the WebCT site, and reminders about due dates. Course Calendar - This color-coded calendar is designed in Calendar Creator 6.0, then captured as a .jpg image before being posted to the course webpage. |
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![]() Quizzes & Surveys - Most courses use online quizzes covering specific objectives of the course. WebCT allows many options for releasing the quizzes and results. The WebCT survey tool is also used for course evaluations. Although there is a feature in WebCT to view which students have submitted surveys (a "yes" or "no" by the student's name), the survey results are anonymous. |
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![]() Communication Tools - This is a link to threaded discussions, private mail and chat rooms. The WebCT bulletin board tool is used to conduct threaded discussions in a majority of our courses. Most courses have specific dates when a facilitator will be online with the student to guide the discussion. At this time, students are not required to participate in synchronous online discussions via the chat room, but that tool is available if the students wish to schedule amongst themselves. My Record - This is a WebCT tool that allows the students to view their individual grades in the course. When students submit online quizzes for grading, the grade is automatically posted under "my record." The instructor or course developer can enter other grades, such as projects and proctored exams. The final grade can then be calculated electronically and released to the student. |
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4.1. Videostreaming
All of the production work for videostreaming is completed in-house using miroVideo's DC30 plus capture card, Adobe Premiere editing software, and RealProducer G2 conversion software. The program has recently purchased RealProducer Pro G2 to expand the educational opportunities of video streaming. This newly released software allows for batch conversion of audio and video files, and offers SMIL and HTML templates to build multimedia presentations incorporating text and images along with the video. Students must download and install RealPlayer G2 (free) to view the streamed video content. To assess the effectiveness of streamed video, the students were given an opportunity to provide feedback on this technology. Overall, they felt the use of streamed video was an asset to the course. Video allows students to see and hear a faculty member introduce topics and emphasize important concepts prior to interacting online (a little bit of the touchy-feely stuff that is hard to accomplish at a distance.) In addition, they can view demonstrations and hear faculty explain complex charts and graphs. Through survey assessments students agreed with course development specialists that streamed video clips for instruction should be no longer than 15 minutes. This is due to the small window available for the video clip on their computer monitor and current low quality (grainy, jerky, slow buffering, etc.) of streamed video. Based on this feedback, we will continue to incorporate video in our courses. However, when quality of the image is essential or when we need to use a larger volume of video, standard videotapes or pressed video on CD-ROM will be employed in lieu of streaming technology. |
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4.2.
Asynchronous
(Threaded) Discussions In the introductory course, a faculty member engaged the group in dialogue for a period of seven days using the threaded discussion technology. The discussion involved comments, experiences on the job, and reactions to a journal article about self-directed learning. A detailed report of these experiences from the instructor's perspective is found in the Appendix. Most of the thirty students currently enrolled in the program prefer the use of threaded discussion to a required meeting time. The following student comment is indicative of the general feeling about threaded discussions. "I thoroughly enjoyed using WebCT for communication in this course. The threaded discussions proved to be a neat process to accommodate different work schedules." However, one student voiced concerns about threaded discussions "I did not feel that the threaded discussion was helpful for the following reasons: (1) It’s hard to read on the computer screen (2) The only way to "get the flow" is to print out the whole thing (3) If one does not comment, it can be interpreted as (the student) being disinterested when in fact your comment might be identical to one that had already been made." |
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4.3. Synchronous
Discussions |
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4.4.
Quizzes
& Surveys The same quiz function in WebCT also can be setup as a survey. Surveys collect anonymous comments that are not linked to specific students. End of course evaluations on content and skills are captured using the survey tool in WebCT. Students rate their perceived ability to perform each course objective listed in the syllabus (i.e., do they believe they fully met, partially met, or did not meet the objective) and the level of instruction received for each objective. Open-ended questions allow students to assess the pace of the course, support materials, and technical support. These questions also yield general course comments and identify areas of improvement. For example, after a threaded discussion on self-directed learning, the students were asked to submit an anonymous online survey to evaluate the effectiveness of this asynchronous communication tool. The results, although overwhelmingly positive, did indicate a need for more instruction on proper use of this tool. When the students got together via GSAMS videoconferencing a few weeks later, they were given more instruction on the features and use of the bulletin board tool. Since we use WebCT to post grades as well as capture the evaluations, it is possible to require that students assess the course prior to releasing their grades. |
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5. Conclusion Flexibility and a willingness to change are key to succeeding in this environment. We will continue to improve our courses by evaluating new and existing technologies and incorporate changes in delivery mechanisms that promote learning from a distance. We hope this will lead to the success of this innovative professional degree program. |
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6. References |
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